Microseridinae

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Systematics

The subtribe Microseridinae, following the circumscription by Kilian & al. (2009), comprises c. 115 species in c. 22 genera, of which all but one are principally North American. Picrosia is South American and one species (Microseris) is present in Australia and New Zealand as the results of long distant dispersal. Excluded is the unispecific genus Phalacroseris, which has been shown by Gemeinholzer & al. (in Kilian & al. 2009) to belong to the principally Old World subtribe Cichoriinae.

Previously the American clade has been treated as two (Stebbins 1953; Jeffrey 1966), three (Bremer 1994; Lack 2006) or nine (Lee & Baldwin 2004) subtribes or informal entities, respectively. Considering their radiation from a single common ancestor, it is, however, much more consistent with the phylogeny and the suprageneric classification of the entire tribe to reserve the subtribal rank to the American clade as such and to apply Lee & Baldwin’s classification to a subordinate informal rank of, e.g., "alliances". These are:
  1. Pinaropappus alliance: including Marshalljohnstonia and Pinaropappus
  2. Krigia alliance: including Krigia
  3. Pyrrhopappus alliance: including Picrosia and Pyrrhopappus
  4. Lygodesmia alliance: including Chaetadelpha, Lygodesmia and Shinnersoseris
  5. Glyptopleura alliance: including Glyptopleura
  6. Microseris alliance: including Agoseris, Microseris, Nothocalais, Stebbinsoseris and Uropappus
  7. Stephanomeria alliance: including Munzothamnus, Pleiacanthus, Prenanthella, Rafinesquia and Stephanomeria
  8. Malacothrix alliance: including Anisocoma, Atrichoseris, Calycoseris and Malacothrix.
Generic circumscription is in a few cases still disputable in the light of the molecular analysis by Lee & al. (2003). This also affects Malacothrix as one of the larger genera of the American clade, which has been shown to be polyphyletic.A,B,C,D,E,F

Distribution

Australasia: New South Wales (Australian Capital Territory ‒ native, New South Wales ‒ native); New Zealand North (New Zealand North ‒ native); New Zealand South (New Zealand South ‒ native); Northern Territory (Northern Territory ‒ native); Queensland (Queensland ‒ native); South Australia (South Australia ‒ native); Tasmania (Tasmania ‒ native); Victoria (Victoria ‒ native); Western Australia (Western Australia ‒ native) Northern America: Alabama (Alabama ‒ native); Alaska (Alaska ‒ native); Alberta (Alberta ‒ native); Arizona (Arizona ‒ native); Arkansas (Arkansas ‒ native); British Columbia (British Columbia ‒ native); California (California ‒ native); Colorado (Colorado ‒ native); Connecticut (Connecticut ‒ native); Delaware (Delaware ‒ native); Florida (Florida ‒ native); Georgia, U.S.A. (Georgia, U.S.A. ‒ native); Idaho (Idaho ‒ native); Illinois (Illinois ‒ native); Indiana (Indiana ‒ native); Iowa (Iowa ‒ native); Kansas (Kansas ‒ native); Kentucky (Kentucky ‒ native); Louisiana (Louisiana ‒ native); Maine (Maine ‒ native); Manitoba (Manitoba ‒ native); Maryland (Maryland ‒ native); Massachusetts (Massachusetts ‒ native); Mexican Pacific Is. (Guadalupe I. ‒ native); Mexico Central (Mexico Distrito Federal ‒ native, Morelos ‒ native, México State ‒ native, Puebla ‒ native, Tlaxcala ‒ native); Mexico Gulf (Veracruz ‒ native); Mexico Northeast (Aguascalientes ‒ native, Chihuahua ‒ native, Coahuila ‒ native, Durango ‒ native, Guanajuato ‒ native, Hidalgo ‒ native, Nuevo León ‒ native, Querétaro ‒ native, San Luis Potosí ‒ native, Tamaulipas ‒ native, Zacatecas ‒ native); Mexico Northwest (Baja California ‒ native, Sonora ‒ native); Mexico Southwest (Guerrero ‒ native, Jalisco ‒ native, Michoacán ‒ native, Nayarit ‒ native, Oaxaca ‒ native); Michigan (Michigan ‒ native); Minnesota (Minnesota ‒ native); Mississippi (Mississippi ‒ native); Missouri (Missouri ‒ native); Montana (Montana ‒ native); Nebraska (Nebraska ‒ native); Nevada (Nevada ‒ native); New Hampshire (New Hampshire ‒ native); New Jersey (New Jersey ‒ native); New Mexico (New Mexico ‒ native); New York (New York ‒ native); North Carolina (North Carolina ‒ native); North Dakota (North Dakota ‒ native); Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories ‒ native); Ohio (Ohio ‒ native); Oklahoma (Oklahoma ‒ native); Ontario (Ontario ‒ native); Oregon (Oregon ‒ native); Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania ‒ native); Québec (Québec ‒ native); Rhode I. (Rhode I. ‒ native); Saskatchewan (Saskatchewan ‒ native); South Carolina (South Carolina ‒ native); South Dakota (South Dakota ‒ native); Tennessee (Tennessee ‒ native); Texas (Texas ‒ native); Utah (Utah ‒ native); Vermont (Vermont ‒ native); Virginia (Virginia ‒ native); Washington (Washington ‒ native); West Virginia (West Virginia ‒ native); Wisconsin (Wisconsin ‒ native); Wyoming (Wyoming ‒ native); Yukon (Yukon ‒ native) Southern America: Argentina Northeast (Argentina Distrito Federal ‒ native, Buenos Aires ‒ native, Chaco ‒ native, Corrientes ‒ native, Córdoba ‒ native, Entre Ríos ‒ native, Formosa ‒ native, La Pampa ‒ native, Misiones ‒ native); Argentina Northwest (Catamarca ‒ native, Jujuy ‒ native, La Rioja ‒ native, Mendoza ‒ native, Salta ‒ native, San Juan ‒ native, San Luis ‒ native, Santiago del Estero ‒ native, Tucuman ‒ native); Argentina South (Chubut ‒ native, Neuquén ‒ native, Rio Negro ‒ native, Santa Cruz ‒ native, Santa Fé ‒ native, Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) ‒ native); Brazil South (Paraná ‒ native, Rio Grande do Sul ‒ native, Santa Catarina ‒ native); Chile Central (Biobío ‒ native, Coquimbo ‒ native, La Araucania ‒ native, Maule ‒ native, O'Higgins ‒ native, Santiago ‒ native, Valparaíso ‒ native); Chile North (Antofagasta ‒ native, Atacama ‒ native, Tarapaca ‒ native); Chile South (Aisén ‒ native, Los Lagos ‒ native, Magellanes ‒ native); Guatemala (Guatemala ‒ native); Leeward Is. (Guadeloupe ‒ native); Paraguay (Paraguay ‒ native); Uruguay (Uruguay ‒ native)

Bibliography

A. Bremer K., Asteraceae. Cladistics and classification. 1994
B. Jeffrey C., Notes on Compositae: I. The Cichorieae in East Tropical Africa in Kew Bull. 18: 427-486. 1966
C. Kilian N., Gemeinholzer B. & Lack H. W. - Tribe Cichorieae in Funk V. A., Susanna A., Stuessy T. & al., Systematics, evolution and biogeography of Compositae. 2009
D. Lack H. W. - Cichorieae in Kadereit J. W. & Jeffrey C., The families and genera of vascular plants 8. 2006
E. Lee J. & Baldwin B. G., Subtribes of principally North American genera of Cichorieae (Compositae) in Novon 14: 309-313. 2004
F. Stebbins G. L., A new classification of the tribe Cichorieae, family Compositae in Madroño 12: 65-81. 1953