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Distribution
Africa: Cape Provinces (Eastern Cape Province ‒ introduced); KwaZulu-Natal (KwaZulu-Natal ‒ introduced); Lesotho (Lesotho ‒ introduced); Northern Provinces (Gauteng ‒ introduced, Mpumalanga ‒ introduced) Asia-Temperate: Afghanistan ‒ native; China South-Central (Guizhou ‒ native, Yunnan ‒ native); East Aegean Is. (East Aegean Is. ‒ native: presence questionable); Iran ‒ native (Iran ‒ native); Iraq ‒ native (Iraq ‒ native); Kirgizistan (Kirgizistan ‒ native); Lebanon-Syria (Lebanon ‒ native, Syria ‒ native); North Caucasus ‒ native (Dagestan ‒ native, Stavropol ‒ native); Palestine (Israel ‒ native, Jordan ‒ native); Transcaucasus (Abkhaziya ‒ native, Adzhariya ‒ native, Armenia ‒ native, Azerbaijan ‒ native, Georgia ‒ native, Nakhichevan ‒ native); Turkey (Turkey ‒ native); Turkmenistan ‒ native Asia-Tropical: Pakistan ‒ native; West Himalaya (Jammu-Kashmir ‒ native) Australasia: Victoria (Victoria ‒ introduced) Europe: Albania (Albania ‒ native); Austria ‒ nativeA; Bulgaria (Bulgaria ‒ native); CzechoslovakiaA,B (Slovakia ‒ native); France (France ‒ native); Greece (Greece ‒ native); Italy ‒ native; Krym (Krym ‒ native); Poland (Poland ‒ native); Portugal (Portugal ‒ native); Romania (Romania ‒ native); Sicily ‒ nativeA; Spain (Spain ‒ native); Switzerland (Switzerland ‒ nativeA); Turkey-in-Europe (Turkey-in-Europe ‒ native); Ukraine (Ukraine ‒ native); Yugoslavia (Bosnia-Herzegovina ‒ native, Croatia ‒ native, Macedonia ‒ native, Montenegro ‒ native, Serbia ‒ native)
Description
Plants usually medium-sized, base without a tunic or with a few old petioles. Petiole unwinged or winged; leaf blade pinnatisect; lateral lobes few to numerous, usually triangular to narrow, margin often dentate or lobulate. Capitulum usually 3–4 cm wide. Outer phyllaries usually 12–20, lanceolate to broadly ovate, long, often imbricate, appressed, loosely appressed, or less often arcuaterecurved, usually distinctly broadly or narrowly bordered, apex usually corniculate or horned. Ligules yellow; floret tube glabrous. Achene red, reddish brown, brown, castaneous, or straw-colored brown, usually 4.3–5.5 mm; body usually densely spinulose above, usually subabruptly narrowing into a distinct cylindric 1–1.5 mm cone, spinules long and thin; beak usually 0.8–1.3 cm. Pappus ± white.
from: Ge X., Kirschner J. & Štepánek J. in Wu Z. Y. & al. (ed.), Flora of China 20–21: 321. 2011, Beijing & St Louis.
from: Ge X., Kirschner J. & Štepánek J. in Wu Z. Y. & al. (ed.), Flora of China 20–21: 321. 2011, Beijing & St Louis.
Image sources
Handel-Mazzetti 1907: t. 3 (habit)E
Bibliography
A. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., Flora europaea 4 [Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A.]. 1976 (as Taraxacum hoppeanum aggr.)
B. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., Flora europaea 4 [Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A.]. 1976 (as Taraxacum hoppeanum)
C. Andreev, N., Ančev, M., Kožuharov, S. I., Markova, M., Peev, D. & Petrova, A., Opredelitel na visšite rastenija v Bălgarija. 1992 (as Taraxacum hoppeanum)
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